Background A 63-year-old man underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for a 4.5 cm right renal mass, pathologically confirmed as type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Two years ...

With the widespread use of abdominal imaging, there has been a substantial increase in the detection of incidental, small renal masses. This change has resulted in a downward trend in the size and ...

Laparoendoscopy using one working port is a rapidly developing branch of minimal invasive techniques in surgery, but experience with laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery is still small [1-4].