The two most common transport layer protocols are the transmission control protocol (TCP) and the user datagram protocol (UDP). One of the main differences between the two protocols is reliability.

The current IP address scheme of 32-bit words is fast becoming inadequate. It would appear that 2 32 = 4 294 967 296 combinations of addresses should be enough for everybody, but in practice this is ...

In the last issue we started following a packet's journey from the wire up to the higher levels of network stack processing. We left the packet at the end of layer 3 processing, where IP has ...

A novel traffic-loop vulnerability has been identified against certain implementations of UDP-based applications protocols. An unauthenticated attacker can use maliciously-crafted packets against a ...

Here's a pretty interesting experiment by someone curious if it was possible to implement a new transport layer protocol, basically something totally different than the existing few than everything ...

When I started writing this column in autumn of 2000, I had the day job of firewall engineer. I enjoyed that type of work, but I was enough of a big-picture kind of guy to be aware that every year, ...

PortExpert is a free application that can give very useful information about all TCP, UDP communications connected to the system and is hence useful to identify potential threats. These days we are ...