A new Microsoft Research study reveals 40 jobs AI can't replace in 2025 — roles demanding physical precision, real-world judgement, and human connection. From phlebotomists to roofers and surgical assistants,

Here’s a ranked look at the 20 careers that posted the lowest AI applicability score: Other jobs that are in the safety zone include industrial truck and tractor operators, highway maintenance workers, dishwashers, automotive glass installers, embalmers and phlebotomists.

As you can see, most of the jobs here are so-called “knowledge economy” jobs—careers that involve learning about, analyzing, and communicating specialized information. On the other hand, the jobs that don’t have much AI applicability are decidedly more blue-collar. They are as follows: