Jacques Cartier ... as the Spanish had in South America. This official voyage may not have been Cartier's first excursion across the Atlantic -- it's possible that he had gone to Newfoundland ...

Jacques Cartier's first voyage was effectively a failure, but upon his return to France on September 5, 1534, he remained optimistic. With Dom Agaya and Taignoagny, Donconna's two sons as captives ...